Cone Dale’s of Experience

Cone Dale’s of Experience

The Cone of Experience is a visual model meant to summarise Dale’s classification system for the varied types of mediated learning experiences. Dale points out that it would be a dangerous mistake to regard the bands on the cone as rigid, inflexible divisions.

The original labels for Dale’s ten categories in the Cone of Experience were:

1. Direct, Purposeful Experiences
2. Contrived Experiences
3. Dramatic Participation
4. Demonstrations
5. Field Trips
6. Exhibits
7. Motion Pictures
8. Radio, Recordings, Still Pictures
9. Visual Symbols and
10. Verbal Symbols

When Dale researched learning and teaching methods he found that much of what we found to be true of direct and indirect (and of concrete and abstract) experience could be summarised in a pyramid or ‘pictorial device’ Dales called ‘the Cone of Experience’. The cone device is a visual metaphor of learning experiences, in which the various types of audio-visual materials are arranged in the order of increasing abstractness as one proceeds from direct experiences”.

People Remember

It is said that people remember:

• 10% of what they read
• 20% of what they hear
• 30% of what they see
• 50% of what they see and hear
• 70% of what they write and say
• 90% of what they say as they do

The percentages –> 10% of what they read 20% of what they hear 30% of what they see 50% of what they hear and see 70% of what they say or write 90% of what they say as they do a thing are not from Dale. 

My opinion :

We should be the last position. As we know, we can use ICT in our teaching process. Because by using ICT, we can apply experiences to real life. Based on Cone Dale’s of Experience, people learn best when they can direct learn the material or the subject. So, when we want to learn everything especially knowledge we should do direct learning, because we easier to remember what we say and do.  For example, we can design power point presentation or blog. Automatically, we can apply our experiences about it through reality by design power point or creat blog,  and also it will be presented by our self. By creating a blog, we can share and practice by our self or interact with each other as direct learning. So, we can build our experiences to real life.

Thank you.

cooperative and collaborative learning

Cooperative and Collaborative learning

Cooperative learning is a learning strategy which the learners learn in small groups. The groups consist of student from different level of ability. In that group, every student is learning one topic. Each member of the group should share what they know about the topic and help others to understand that topic. Research has shown that cooperative learning techniques:

·         promote student learning and academic achievement

·         develop students’ retention

·         help students develop skills in oral communication

·         develop students' social skills

·         promote student self-esteem

Collaborative learning is a method of teaching and learning in which students team together to explore a significant question or create a meaningful project. A group of students discussing a lecture or students   from different schools working together over the Internet on a shared assignment are both examples of collaborative learning. 
        Cooperative learning, which will be the primary focus of this workshop, is a specific kind of collaborative learning. In cooperative learning, students work together in small groups on a structured activity. They are individually accountable for their work, and the work of the group as a whole is also assessed. Cooperative groups work face-to-face and learn to work as a team.
In small groups, students can share strengths and also develop their weaker skills. They develop their interpersonal skills. They learn to deal with conflict. When cooperative groups are guided by clear objectives, students engage in numerous activities that improve their understanding of subjects explored. 
In order to create an environment in which cooperative learning can take place, three things are necessary. First, students need to feel safe, but also challenged. Second, groups need to be small enough that everyone can contribute. Third, the task students work together on must be clearly defined. The cooperative and collaborative learning techniques presented here should help make this possible for teachers.

Thank you. 

behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism

There are 3 theories of study; behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism.

Behaviorism is theory of study that the students learn by doing as a behavior activity. By doing/learning continuously the students can get knowledge.

Cognitivism is the way of study that the students get many knowledge without explore it, just receive it from the teacher and learn it.

Constructivism is the way of study that the students should be active to explore, and discuss and learn the materials or the knowledge by themselves and the teacher should be the facilitator and mediator only.  

So I think those theories actually have contribute in learning ict, but the constructivism and behaviorism are more significant and appropriate for ict, because in ict we should be active and explore and search the knowledge by our-self and we can learn if we doing or do some exercises. It is actually continuously or be our behaviorism. As we know when we doing or learning something we are easy to forget it, but by doing it continuously and become our behavior it is hard to lose from our mind.  

Created by : Melia Andriyani

Assalamuallaikum,,
welcome to ICT-2 project,

Thank you for coming to my blog,,

In this blog, I will talk about fruits and healthy. I choose this topic because I want to make people have deep knowledge about fruits. Besides that I want to give the fact and the function of fruits for our body. To make it clear, I will share informations as many as possible about fruits. In this blog, I will not talk about the fruits only, but the other parts of fruits.

Okay friends, if you have any question or suggestion about what you expect to know about fruits, you can leave your comments below.

Thank you,,, :p